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Objective: To observe the effect of modified Chaihu Shugantang on the expression of miRNA-204 in hippocampus of epileptic mice, and to explore its mechanism of neuroprotection. Method: The sixty mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal group, model group (pilocarpine 180 mg·kg-1), and modified Chaihu Shugantang group (7 g·kg-1·d-1), modified Chaihu Shugantang+miRNA-204 mimic group (7 g·kg-1·d-1+ 2 μL), modified Chaihu Shugantang+miRNA-204 inhibitor group (7 g·kg-1·d-1+2 μL), carbamazepine group (30 mg·kg-1·d-1),each was given intragastric administration for 2 weeks,using pilocarpine to cause epilepsy in mice, respectively, add flavor to Bupleurum after intragastric administration, inhibition and overexpression of miRNA-204, the mice were sacrificed and their hippocampus tissues were harvested.The indicators of each group were observed, Real-time quantitative PCR detecting system (Real-time PCR) was used to detect mouse hippocampal miRNA-204 expression, Western blot analysis of autophagy-related protein microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), autophagy-associated marker protein 7 (ATG7) expression, hematoxylin pathological condition of hippocampus in each group was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.The autophagy of hippocampus in each group was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Result: Compared with normal group, the expression of miRNA-204 was significantly decreased in model group (P(P(PPPPPConclusion: Modified Chaihu Shugantang can improve the pathological changes of hippocampus in mice with epilepsy and play a neuroprotective role. The mechanism may be to increase the expression of miRNA-204 in hippocampus of mice with epilepsy, inhibit excessive autophagy of neurons and reduce apoptosis.
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Objective To investigate the short-and mid-term prognosis and its influencing factors of Kasai portoenterostomy for type Ⅲ biliary atresia.Methods 220 infants with type Ⅲ biliary atresia who underwent Kasai surgery at Capital Pediatric Institution from Jan 2014 to June 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.There were 88 males and 132 females,with an average age at operation (60 ±23) d.The followup time ranged from 12 to 53 months.Results The survival rate with native liver (SNL) at 1,2,and 3 years after Kasai operation were 65％,59.6％,and 57.0％,respectively.The clearance rate of jaundice within 3 months after Kasai was 50.5％;3-year SNL of infants whose jaundice disappeared or did not after operation were 86.8％ and 27.1％ (P ＜ 0.05).The overall incidence of cholangitis was 60％.The clearance rate of jaundice in children with or without cholangitis was 55.3％ and 43.2％,while the 3-year SNL were 62.4％ and 49.6％,respectively (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The 3-year survival rate on their native liver after Kasai operation in infants with type Ⅲ biliary atresia can reach up to 57％.The clearance of jaundice within 3 months post-operation is the main factor affecting prognosis.The age at surgery and the occurrence of cholangitis do not affect the survival rate of native liver in the short-and mid-term prognosis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted anorectoplasty (LAARP) and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) for high and intermediate anorectal malformation (ARM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data 60 children with high and intermediate ARM who underwent LAARP (40 cases of three-port laparoscopy, 20 cases of transumbilical single incision laparoscopy ) between January 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical data of 36 children with high and intermediate ARM who underwent PSARP between January 1992 to December 2002 were used as control. The duration of operation, blood loss, hospital stay, postoperative complications and long-term anal function were compared between two groups. Krickenbeck classification was applied to assess the anorectal function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Baseline data, such as gender, age at operation, sacral index and proctatresia site, were not significantly different between two groups. As compared to PSARP group, LAARP group presented shorter operative time [(113±13) min vs. (132±10) min, P=0.01], less operative blood loss [(11.5±1.6) ml vs. (14.3±1.7) ml, P=0.03], shorter postoperative hospital stay [(6.9±0.7) d vs. (8.2±0.8) d, P=0.02] and lower morbidity of postoperative complication [11.7% (7/60) vs. 27.8% (10/36), P=0.02]. Postoperative defecation evaluation showed that LAPPR group had lower percentage of 2-3 grade constipation than PSARP group [0% vs. 22.2%(8/36), P=0.00]. While percentage of 2-3 grade voluntary bowel movement [5.9% (3/51) vs. 16.7% (6/36), P=0.20] and percentage of 2-3 grade soiling [5.9%(3/51) vs. 16.7%(6/36), P=0.20] were not significantly different between two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LAARP is safe and effective in the treatment of high and intermediate ARM. Compared with PSARP, LAARP has some advantages, such as better cosmetic results and faster recovery.</p>
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Objective To evaluate wall histological abnormalities 2 to 3 cm to the end in high or intermediate anal atresia in order to identify features that explain postoperative bowel dysfunctions.Methods Sixty anal atresia patients treated in the Capital Pediatric Institution between January 2008 and December 2012 were recruited in our study.36 patients were resected the terminal anal segment (3 cm).Compared with those 24 cases who were not.Resected samples were fixed for HE and immuno-histochemical stainings.Clinical data including sacral ratio (SR),age at operation,gender,bowel function were evaluated.Results There was no significant difference in patients' SR value,gender and age at operation between resected group and control group.The median follow-up period was 4.5 years.The rates of voluntary bowel movement,soiling (grade 1,2,3) were similar in both groups,however,the rates of severe constipation in resection group was significantly lower that in control group (3 ％ vs.21％,P ＜ 0.05) In the bowel wall of distal 2 cm anrectal canal,the connective tissue was found to be irregular and abnormally represented.Muscle coat was abnormal in all cases,showing the dysplasia circular and longitudinal layers.The number of enteric nervous system was significant fewer in distal 2cm anrectal canal than that in distal 3 cm(1.6 ±0.9 vs.5.6 ±1.8,t=11.715,P＜0.01).Conclusions Resection of terminal 3 cm at least of the atresia anal canal benefits postoperative bowel defecation function.
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Objective To investigate the learning curve of laparoscopy-assisted anorectoplasty in the treatment of high imperforate anus.Methods Sixty patients with high congenital anal atresia who were treated with laparoscopy-assisted anorectoplasty in the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from December 2008 to October 2015 by one experience surgeon were selected as observation group.Based on the criteria,the patients were divided into 4 groups(15 cases in each group) according to the sequence of the operation and every 15 cases served as a learning phase.The operating time,frequency of operation,complication rate,conversion rate to open surgery,blood loss,the rates of blood transfusion and hospital stay were compared among the 4 phases.Results The mean operation duration was (176.3 ±41.6) min,(128.8 ± 36.1) min,(127.3 ± 35.2) min,(124.0 ± 30.1) min in group A,B,C and D,respectively.The operation duration of 4 groups showed a declining trend.Group A has longer operation time than group B,C and D,the difference were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In detail,the comparison of operation time between group A and group B was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Furthermore,group A had significantly more median blood loss than group B,C and D,the differences were statistically significant [the 4 groups of data,respectively,group A:(17.5 ±6.5) mL,group B:(15.0±5.0) mL,group C:(14.5 ±5.5) mL,group D:(8.5 ±6.5) mL,P＜0.05].The mean capacity of blood loss was 12.7 mL.No significant difference was found in surgical complications,the rates of blood transfusion,total hospital stay,and postoperative hospital stay among the 4 groups(P ＞ 0.05).But the postoperative hospital stay decreased from 9.8 d (group A) to 7.4 d (group D).Conclusions For a well-trained surgeon in imperforate anus surgery.The learning curve of laparoscopy-assisted anorectoplasty in the treatment of high imperforate anus on about 15 cases helps to make a skillful surgeon.
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Objective The Rex shunt has been used to treat children with extrahepatic portal hypertension by creating a venous bypass between the superior mesenteric vein and the left portal vein to circumvent the extrahepatic portal venous obstruction.This retrospective study aimed to analyse our results in the use of this novel approach.Methods 52 patients with cavernous transformation and obstructed main portal veins were treated by Rex shunts.Results The age of children was 1.4 ～ 12 year,the mean age was 3.7 years.The patients were followed up from 1.5 to 5 years.In 48 patients,there was no recurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding after surgery making an efficacy rate of 92.3％.In the recurrence group,the postoperative venous pressure in the superior mesenteric vein was (27.6 ± 3.2) cmH2O (1 cmH2O =0.098kPa) which was significantly higher than the non-recurrence group (23.5 ± 3.1)cmH2O.The difference between the pre-and post-Rex shunting was significantly lower in the recurrence group (5.7 ± 1.8)cmH2O than the non-recurrence group (11.7 ± 3.3) cmH2 O,P ＜ 0.05.Thus,a low reduction in postoperative pressure was an early manifestation of poor prognosis.Conclusions The Rex shunt was safe and efficacious.The degree of reduction in postoperative venous pressure in the superior mesenteric vein could be used to predict recurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the responses of different pancreatic cancer cells to stimulations by nerve growth factor (NGF) and explore the role of Trk-A in such responses.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five pancreatic cancer cell lines (MIA-PaCa-2, PANC-1, SW-1990, AsPC-1, and BxPC-3) were exposed to different concentrations of NGF (0, 4, 20, 100, and 500 ng/ml). MTT and Matrigel invasion method were used to observe the changes in the cell proliferation and invasion ability. Trk-A expression in these cells was detected by PCR and Western blotting, and the relations of Trk-A expression to the cell proliferative and invasive abilities following NGF treatment were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NGF at 100 ng/ml most obviously stimulated the cell proliferation, and PANC-1 cells showed the highest while AsPC-1 cells showed the least sensitivity to 100 ng/ml NGF stimulation. Matrigel invasion test showed that NGF enhanced the invasiveness of PANC-1 and MIA-PaCa-2 cells but produced only limited effect on AsPC-1 cells; the effect of NGF was completely inhibited by the Trk-A inhibitor CEP701. The expression levels of Trk-A mRNA and protein were the highest in PANC-1 cells and the lowest in AsPC-1 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NGF can enhance the proliferation and invasiveness of pancreatic cancer cells, and this effect is possibly mediated by Trk-A protein.</p>
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Humans , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Cell Proliferation , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Nerve Growth Factor , Pharmacology , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Receptor, trkA , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate subtype and genetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DNA sequences were amplified by nested-PCR from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from 100 HIV-1 patients from Guangdong Province. The C2 to V3 region of the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of HIV-1 was sequenced directly. The analysis of the gene-based phylogenetic tree and variation of amino acid were carried out by using Wisconsin software package or genetics computer group (GCG).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DNA fragments were amplified from 75 PBMC samples by using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sequence analysis showed that there were 3 HIV-1 subtypes or circulating recombinant forms (CRF): CRF01-AE (n = 44), CRF-BC (n = 27) and B' (n = 4).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Three HIV-1 subtypes or circulating recombinant forms: CRF01-AE, CRF-BC and B' might be circulating in Guangdong Province. Findings from this study suggested that several subtypes might exist in Guangdong Province and the epidemic situation of AIDS be serious. It should be a challenge for Guangdong Province in treating patients, preventing and controlling AIDS in the future.</p>